Antitrust Update
FTC Releases 2022 Thresholds for Hart-Scott-Rodino Filings and Interlocking Directorates, Raises Maximum Per Diem HSR Penalty
The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has approved new thresholds for premerger notification under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 (HSR). The statute requires the FTC to revise the thresholds annually based on changes in gross national product (GNP). Unlike in 2020, GNP rose in 2021, resulting in an increase in HSR thresholds. The newly revised thresholds apply to transactions that close on or after February 23, 2022.
With the changes just approved, the minimum “size-of-transaction” threshold for any acquisition of voting securities, noncorporate interests, or assets not exempt from HSR notification requirements will increase from $92 million to $101 million.
Currently, acquisitions resulting in holdings valued at more than $92 million but not more than $368 million are potentially reportable only if the “size-of-person” test described below is met, and acquisitions resulting in holdings greater than $368 million are potentially reportable regardless of whether the size-of-person test is met. These thresholds will increase, respectively, to $101 million and $403.9 million.
The size-of-person test currently provides generally that at least one “person” involved in the transaction must have annual net sales or total assets of at least $184 million, and the other must have annual net sales or total assets of at least $18.4 million. These thresholds will increase, respectively, to $202 million and $20.2 million.
With the revisions, the five thresholds for acquisitions of voting securities (which specify whether a filing, or successive filing, is necessary) will potentially require notification where the acquisition results in
- aggregate holdings of an issuer’s voting securities valued at greater than $101 million but less than $202 million
- aggregate holdings of an issuer’s voting securities valued at $202 million or greater but less than $1.0098 billion
- aggregate holdings of an issuer’s voting securities valued at $1.0098 billion or greater
- 25% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer if the holdings are valued at greater than $2.0196 billion
- 50% of the outstanding voting securities of an issuer if the holdings are valued at greater than $101 million
The graduated HSR filing fee schedule will shift as follows:
| Size (Value) of Transaction | Fee | |
| Greater than $101 million but less than $202 million | $45,000 | |
| $202 million or greater but less than $1.0098 billion | $125,000 | |
| $1.0098 billion or greater | $280,000 |
The Federal Register notice on the revised HSR threshold amounts can be found here.
FTC Revises Clayton Act Section 8 Thresholds for Interlocking Directorates
The FTC also announced revised thresholds for interlocking directorates under Section 8 of the Clayton Act. Section 8 prohibits, with certain exceptions, a person from serving as a director or officer of two competing corporations if two thresholds are met. Section 8 as enacted applies if each competitor corporation has capital, surplus, and undivided profits of more than $10 million, though not if the competitive sales of either corporation are less than $1 million. These amounts are subject to annual revision; following last year’s revision, they were $37,382,000 and $3,738,200, respectively. The new thresholds, which took effect on January 24, 2022, are $41,034,000 and $4,103,400 respectively. The Federal Register notice on the revised Section 8 thresholds can be found here.
FTC Revises Maximum Civil Penalty Amount for HSR Violations
Finally, the FTC has announced the annual increase to the maximum civil penalty amount for HSR violations, raising the amount from $43,792 per day to $46,517 per day. The new maximum applies to civil penalties assessed on or after January 10, 2022, even where the underlying violation preceded that date. The Federal Register notice on the revised civil penalty amount can be found here.
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